this life
as silent as the night that I
silence is au shelter
dream of a hopeful one - only
and love is the endless story
This is my life
my place, my night and my dreams
did not like the place, night and dream of you
because you and I are not the same
and will never be the same
Thursday, February 7, 2013
INDONESIA AND DIVERSITY Cultural
As an archipelago, stretching from Aceh to Papua, Indonesia is very thick with cultural diversity. There are about 17,504 islands spread in the whole kadaulatan republic of Indonesia, consisting of 8651 islands named and 8853 that do not have a name (Situmorang, 2006)In addition to the wealth of natural and plant biodiversity, Indonesia is known as cultural diversity. Indonesia has dozens of ethnic groups have their culture - each of them, namely Aceh, Sumatra island, Batak, Minangkabau, Malay. Java are Sundanese, Bedouin (traditional communities that isolate themselves from the outside world in the province of Banten), Java, and Madura, Bali. West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Landmarks are Sasak, Mangarai, Sumbawa, Flores, and so on. Namely Borneo Dayak, Malay, Banjar, and so on. Namely Bugis Sulawesi, Makassar, Toraja, Gorontalo, Minahasa, Manado, and so on. Maluku is Ambon, Ternate, and so on. Papua, Dani, Asmat, and so on.There are about 726 local languages spread throughout the archipelago (Sugono, 2005). Starting from the speakers which amounted to only a dozen people, such as language in Papua, to the speakers, amounting to tens of millions of people, such as Javanese and Sundanese. Races and ethnicities it occasionally occupy areas in a province or territory, and sometimes occupy across the province. Javanese, for example, occupies three provinces, namely Central Java, East Java and Yogyakarta. However, the Javanese spread throughout Indonesia, even to the country Suriname. In each area there are also subsubetnis with different subcultures, eg, Solo, Yogyakarta, down to Banyuwangi, East Java. Generally people know Indonesia, for example, that the Solo, Yogyakarta is often said to be a society that has refined culture, said hello a gentle, well-mannered gentility. It marks the cultural superiority. However, not infrequently, people who speak a particular area and being tough, but in essence a soft heart.And in the end that Indonesia ..
cited : (pemanfaatan
keberagaman budaya indonesia dalam pengajaran bahasa indonesia bagi penutur
asing (bipa) abdul gaffar ruskhan, 2007)
Indonesia arts and culture area "Ludruk"
Ludruk is the art of traditional drama of East Java. Ludruk is a traditional drama that was exhibited by an arts group in gelarkan disebuah stage to take the story of people's daily lives, struggles and other stories are interspersed with jokes and accompanied by gamelan as a musical.
Dialogue / monologue in ludruk are entertaining and make the audience laugh, natural language Surabaya, though sometimes there are guest stars from other areas such as Jombang, Malang, Madura, Madiun with a different accent. Straightforward language used on ludruk, making him easily absorbed by the non-intellect (pedicab drivers, watchmen, drivers angkotan.
A ludruk staging usually begins with Remo Dance and interspersed with staging a character memerakan "Mr. Sakera", a master of Madura.
Kartolo is a legendary comedian ludruk from Surabaya, East Java. He has over 40 years of living in the world of art ludruk. Kartolo names and distinctive voice, the innocent and clever jokes, known almost all over East Java, Central Java and even up.
Different Ludruk ketoprak of Central Java. Ketoprak stories are often drawn from the story of a bygone era (history and fairy tales), and is delivering a specific message. While ludruk tells the story of everyday life (usually) the underprivileged.
Wayang Kulit (Shadowgraph)
leesintgi.blogspot.comPUPPET one of the top arts and culture of Indonesia's most prominent among many other cultural works. Culture puppets include acting, sound art, music, speech arts, literary arts, painting, sculpture, and art is also symbolic. Puppet culture, evolving over time, is also a lighting media, propaganda, education, entertainment, philosophical understanding, as well as entertainment.According to research by historians of culture, culture is a culture of wayang native to Indonesia, particularly in Java. The existence of wayang already centuries before Hinduism into Java. Although a popular puppet story in today's society is an adaptation of the works of Indian literature, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. The two main story in the puppet undergone many changes and additions to match the original philosophy of Indonesia.Adjustment philosophical concept is also related to the philosophical position of the Javanese to the gods in the puppet. The gods in the puppet is no longer a free something wrong, but like the other God's creatures, sometimes acting wrong, and could be a mistake. The presence of puppet characters panakawan dalam_ deliberately created the humanists In ¬ Indonesians (Javanese cultural exact) to mem ¬ reinforce the concept of philosophy that in this world there is no creature that is really good, and really nasty. Every creature is always bearing elements of good and evil.In his dissertation entitled Bijdrage tot de Kennis van het Javaansche Tooneel (1897), Dutch cultural historian Dr. GA.J. Hazeau expressed confidence that the puppet is a native Java performance. Understanding puppet in the dissertation Dr. Hazeau it is walulang inukir (carved leather) and seen its shadow on the screen. Thus, the question of course is the puppet Puppet as we know it today.OriginRegarding the origin of this puppet, in the world there are two opinions. First, the idea that puppets originated and was first born on the island of Java, precisely in East Java. This opinion besides embraced and advanced by researchers and experts in Indonesia, also the research scholars of the West. Among Western scholars who belong to this group, is Hazeau, Brandes, Kats, Rentse, and Kruyt.The reason they are strong enough. Among other things, that the art of puppet is very closely related to sociocultural and religious state of Indonesia, especially Java. Panakawan, the most significant figures in the puppet, namely Semar, Gareng, Petruk, Bagong, only in Indonesian puppet, and not in other countries. In addition, names and technical terms puppet, all derived from the Javanese (Kuna), and no other language.In the meantime, a second opinion suspected puppets from India, brought together by the Hindu religion to Indonesia. They include Pischel, Hidding, Krom, Poensen, Goslings, and Rassers. Most of the latter group is the British scholar, the European country that once colonized India.However, since the 1950's, books pe ¬ puppet puppet seemed to have agreed that it is derived from Java, and not at all imported from other countries.Culture puppet estimated to have born in Indo ¬ nesia at least during the reign of King Airlangga, king Kahuripan (976 -1012), ie when the kingdom in East Java was his ¬ prosperous prosperous. Literary works which are the puppet story was written by the poet Indonesia since centuries X. Among other things, the text of the Book of the Ramayana literature Kakawin Old Javanese language written in the reign of Dyah Balitung (989-910), which is a spin-off of the book of Ramayana written by poet In ¬ him, Valmiki. Furthermore, the Javanese poet no longer just translating the Ramayana and Mahabharata into Old Javanese language, but compose and retelling Javanese philosophy by incorporating into it. For example, the work of the professor Kanwa Arjunawiwaha Kakawin, which is a composition that berinduk the Book of Mahabharata. Another spin-off of the more obvious the difference between the original version of the story derigan In ¬ He was Baratayuda Kakawin work professor and professor Panuluh Sedah. Great work was done during the reign of King Jayabaya, king of Kediri (1130-1160).Puppet as a performance and spectacle had been started there since the reign of king Airlangga. Some of the inscriptions that were made at that time, among others already mentioned the words "mawa ¬ a 'and` aringgit' which means that the per ¬ puppet show.Regarding the birth culture of puppets, Ir. Sri Mulyono in his symbolism and mysticism in the Puppet (1979), estimate the puppet has existed since Neolithic times, which is approximately 1,500 years before Christ. His opinion was based on the writings Robert von Heine-Geldern Ph.. D, Prehis ¬ toric Research in the Netherland Indies (1945) and Prof. writing. K.A.H. Hidding in the Encyclopedia of Indo ¬ 987 pages worth.The word `puppet 'probably derived from the word` wewa ¬ shadow', which means shadow. This assumption is consistent with the fact the Wayang performance that uses color, a piece of cloth as a barrier between the puppeteer who plays the puppet, and the audience was behind the curtain. The audience just watched the puppet movements through the shadows falling on the screen. At that time only the wayang accompanied by a simple set of gamelan consist of saron, he argued (a type of flute), and kemanak. Other types of gamelan and singer at that time believed no.For more menjawakan puppet culture, since the early days of the Majapahit Kingdom introduced another puppet story was not berinduk the Book of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. Since then the story ¬ Panji stories; namely the story of the ancestral kings of Majapahit, was introduced as one form another puppet. Panji story was later used more for show Wayang Beber. Tradition menjawakan puppet story also forwarded by some Islamic scholars, among them by the Wali Sanga. They began mewayangkan story of the king of Majapahit, among Damarwulan story.Introduction of Islam to Indonesia since the 15th century was also a big influence on the culture of puppets, especially the religious concept of philosophy puppet. At the beginning of the 15th century, the time of the kingdom of Demak, began to use specially shaped oil lamps called blencong the Puppet performances.Since time Kartasura, composing wayang berinduk the Ramayana and Mahabharata increasingly distant from the original. Since the time that the fans get to know the genealogy of wayang puppet characters, including gods figure, which originated from the Prophet Adam. Sisilah it continues to come to the kings of Java. And further, from the well known puppet stories grip. appropriate standards of the story, and the story of the puppet carangan beyond the standard line. Other than that there's more drama called splinter, which was too far out of the story grip.
Gamelan, Javanese-style Orchestra
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Gamelan is surely not a foreign music. Its popularity has penetrated every continent, and has created new music of jazz-gamelan, gave birth to the institution as a learning space and the expression of gamelan music, to produce famous gamelan musicians. Gamelan music instrument can now be enjoyed in many parts of the world, but Yogyakarta is the most appropriate place to enjoy gamelan it since you can enjoy the original version.Gamelan is growing in Yogyakarta Gamelan Jawa, a different form of gamelan Balinese gamelan or Sundanese gamelan. Javanese gamelan has a softer tone and slow, in contrast to the smart Balinese gamelan and Sundanese gamelan highly dominated lilting voice and flute. The difference is reasonable, since Java has a view of life that is expressed in the rhythm of gamelan music.Javanese philosophy of life expressed in gamelan music is the harmony of physical and spiritual life, harmony in talking and acting so as not to create an explosive expression and to realize tolerance. Being real in his music is the pull string fiddle that is, a balanced blend of sound kenong, saron drums and xylophone and gong sounds on every cover of rhythm.There is no clarity about the history of the emergence of musicians. The development of gamelan music is expected since the emergence of drums, fiddle, pat into the mouth, the friction on the rope or thin bamboo to familiar musical instruments out of metal. Further development after named gamelan, music was used to accompany wayang performance, and dance. Later it became independent as the music itself and equipped with the voices of the singers.A set of gamelan consist of several instruments, including a set of similar musical instrument drum called drums, fiddle and zither, xylophone, gongs and bamboo flutes. The main components that make up the gamelan music instruments are bamboo, metal, and wood. Each tool has its own function in gamelan music show, for example, closing a gong played rhythm and the balance long after the music rhythm decorated by gending.DrumsDrum is an instrument of the leader. Pengendang is the conductor of gamelan music. There are 5 sizes drums of 20 cm - 45 cm.SaronPercussion instruments of bronze with wooden refuted. There are 3 kinds of Saron; Saron barung, Saron Peking, Saron demung.Bonang barungConsists of two rows of bronze tools played with 2 devices at.SlentemThis bronze slab placed over bamboo resonating.GenderAlmost the same as a slab of bronze slentem more.XylophoneWooden slab placed over wooden frames as well.GongEach set of slendro and pelog equipped with 3 gongs. Two large Gong (Gong Ageng) and one gong suwukan about 90 cm, made of bronze, gong signaling the end of the song whose lyrics long.KempulSmall gong, to signify the songs short rhythmic part. Each set consists of slendro and pelog 6 or 10 kempul.KenongSort of a small gong on a coaster, a complete set can be 10 kenong good set of slendro or slendro.KetugCalled kenong also small, indicating a pause between song lyrics.ClempungA string instrument, each slendro and pelog set clempung needs one.SiterEach set slendro and pelog require 1 siter.FluteEach set of slendro and pelog require 1 flute.FiddleStringed instrumentKeprak and KepyakRequired for dance performancesDrumJavanese gamelan music is pentatonic melodies. A complete gamelan game consists of two rounds, the slendro and slendro. Slendro has five tones per octave, ie 1 2 3 5 6 [C-D E + GA] with small interval difference. Pelog has 7 tones per octave, ie 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [C + D E-F # G # AB] with big interval difference. Gamelan music composition created with some rules, which consist of several rounds and pathet, limited by a gong and the melodies created in a unit consisting of 4 tones.You can see gamelan as a musical accompaniment alone or as a dance or performing arts such as wayang kulit and ketoprak. As a performance, gamelan music is usually combined with the sound of the Javanese singers (male singers and female singers called wiraswara called waranggana or sinden). Gamelan musical performance can be classic or contemporary gamelan. One form of contemporary gamelan music is jazz-gamelan as a combination of music with pentatonic and diatonic tone.One of the places in Yogyakarta where you can see performances of gamelan is Kraton. On Thursday at 10:00 to 12:00 pm gamelan as a musical performance itself. On Saturday at the same time held the gamelan music as accompaniment shadow puppets, while on Sunday at the same time held the gamelan music as accompaniment of traditional Javanese dance. To see the show, you can go to Ward Sri Maganti. Meanwhile, to see the old gamelan, you can go to another of the kingdom which lies further to the rear.
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